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Hidden Health Costs

May 13, 2008
The Times' lead article, "Even the Insured Feel the Strain of Health Costs" (May 4), perpetuates the myth that employers are largely paying for their workers' health insurance.  This benefit is actually part of a worker's overall compensation package, but if the employer writes the check, it doesn't show up as taxable income to the employee (courtesy of Section 106 of the Internal Revenue Code).

Workers are paying their health costs now, either directly through their share of premiums, deductibles, or copayments, or indirectly as compensations diverted to this benefit rather than to cash wages.

The invisibility of this part of workers' compensation packages and the hidden tax break they get to shield health insurance from income and payroll taxes cause many distortions in our health sector, including upward pressure on spending.  If the tax break followed people directly, they would have more say over how this part of their pay package is being spent, and they would force the system to be more responsive to their demands for greater value and economy in their health spending and insurance coverage.

Grace-Marie Turner
President
Galen Institute, a health and tax policy research organization

Comments

Bart Ingles at 07/25/2008 14:17:34
Note that employer-provided health plans are "group plans subject to HIPAA Title I regulations."
Bart Ingles at 07/25/2008 14:05:52

The economic distortions are made worse by the excessive value of the tax break for most insured employees.  Rather than a specific amount or percentage, the size of the tax break is an accident of an employee's marginal tax rate.

For employees in the 28 percent bracket, the total federal tax break around 28 (federal income tax) + 15 (employer and employee share of FICA) or around 43 percent.  For California residents, add state income  ((1 - .28) x 9.3) and payroll taxes (1 or 2) to the total marginal rate, for an additional 8 percent or so.  That's more than half.

If implemented as a tax credit, a more reasonable reimbursement rate might be one which compensated a healthy individual for the additional premium cost that comes from participating in a group plan subject to HIPAA Title I regulations.  Assuming age banding is allowed, and the group rate is 1.5 times the lowest individual rate, a credit of 33 percent would make participation a wash for the healthiest individuals in the age cohort.  Of course the credit would amount to a subsidy for less-healthy individuals, just as the employer exemption does now.


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